BAR CHARTS
Example -1
The following bar chart gives the information of the pepper production in nine countries of the world
1) What percentage of the world's total paper production in 2004 is contributed by India's pepper production in the same year ?
2) What percentage of India's pepper production for the year is the total production of Madagascar, Thailand Sri Lanka and Malaysia ?
3) If India's productivity of pepper production is twice that of Vietnam, find what percentage of the land used for pepper production in Vietnam is the land used for pepper production in India ?
4) Arrange the nine countries according to the increasing order of their pepper production in 2004.
5) The production of Vietnam is how much more/ less percentage than the production of eich country. (Find all eight respective values).
6) Find the percentage deviation from the average value of production per country for each of the nine countries. (Find all the time respective values.)
7) Find the minimum difference between pepper production between any two countries.
8) Find the maximum difference between the pepper production between any two countries.
9) The ratio of the minimum difference (Q. 8) to the minimum difference(Q7) is
10) The minimum difference (Q.7) is what percentage of the maximum difference(Q.8).
11) Convert the data shown above bar chart into
a. A pie chart
b. A table.
c. Write a paragraph which will capture the entire information.
Notes on Interpretation
The information provided shows the production of pepper amongst the nine pepper producing countries of the world. Since these are the only countries which produce pepper in the world, we can add up the total production in these nine countries to get the overall world pepper production in 2004. (This information can also be presented in the form of Pie Chart). Note that in case there were more than 9 countries producing pepper, the production of the remaining countries could have been aggregated into one more bar below Brazil as Others. In such a case, the total world production would have been addition of the10 figures in the chart 9 shown + Otherwise).
Additional Data Possibilities to Link with the Given Data:
1. The trend of the Global pepper production over a 5 year period could be shown on another bar, then the figure above would show the break up for the year 2004 production.
2. Area used for the pepper production in each of these countries could be provided. This would help us estimate the productivity per unit area in each of the nine countries and compare it between each other and/or with Global average productivity.
3. Price of pepper in each of these countries-- This would give us the estimate of the value of pepper production, which in turn can be linked to GDP of these countries.
Answer:
1. 25
2) 80%
3. 68.18%
4. Madagascar, Thailand, China, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Brazil, Indonesia, Vietnam, India.
5. 1000% more than Vietnam
450% more than Thailand,
266.67% more than China,
175% more than Sri Lanka,
120% more than Malaysia.
8.33% less than Indonesia,
26.66% less than India
57.14% more than the Brazil
6. 85% less than 4 Madagascar,
70% less for Thailand
55% less for China, 65% more for Vietnam
40% less for Sri Lanka 25% less of Malaysia
80% more for Indonesia , 125% more India, 5% more for Brazil
7. 5000t
8. 70000t
9. 14:1
10. 7.14%
Example -2
Study the following figures and answer the questions given below that.
Tobacco Production in Leading Tobacco Production Countries
Tobacco Export From Leading Tobacco Exporting Countries
• The tobacco, which is not consumed in this country, is exported to the countries where tobacco is not produced.
• Export ratio is defined as the ratio of the tobacco exported to the tobacco produced in a particular country.
• There are only 6 countries, which produce and export tobacco.
1) For which country is the export ratio the maximum ?
2) For which country is the export ratio the minimum ?
3) For which country is the per capita consumption of tobacco the maximum ?
4) For which country is the per capita consumption of tobacco the minimum ?
5) China's tobaccos production is how many times that of Turkey?
6) China's tobacco consumption is how many times that of USA ?
7) By what percentage is India's tobacco production more than that of Brazil ?
8) By what percentage of India's tobacco consumption more than that of Zimbabwe ?
9) What percentage of the world's Total production of tobaccode is exported from the tobacco producing countries ?
10) Arrange all the six tobacco- producing countries in increasing order of their consumption of tobacco.
11) Convert the data in the figure into a set of pie charts.
notes on interpretation :
The information provided gives the quantity of tobacco produced in the 6 countries which produced tobacco and the tobacco exported by these 6 countries.
The difference between the tobacco produced and the tobacco exported will be the tobacco available in the country (if we are assume 0 imports).
However the zero imports assumption cannot be made normally unless explicitly stated, since it is possible that a country exports one kind of tobacco while it imports another kind of tobacco. In this case we asume 0 imports and 100% use of production in either consumption or Exports, since it is stated clearly.
Answer
1) Zimbabwe 2) China 3) Turkey 4) India 5) 12 times approx. 6) 9 times approx 7) 21.55% 8) 3560% 9) 26.31% 10) Zimbabwe, Turkey , Brazil, USA , India, China.
Sale of Cellular Phones
1) The percentage increase in sales from 2001 to 2002 was
a) 115% b) 128% c) 122% d) 118%
2) The sum of the sales of cellular phones in the year 1999 and 2001 is equals to that in
a) 1997 b) 1998 c) 2000 d) 2002
3) The two years between which the rate of change of cellular phones is minimum are:
a) 1997 and 1998 b) 1999 and 2000
c) both a and b d) 2001 and 2002
4) The difference in the sale of cellular phone for the year 1997 and 1997 is
a) 500 units b) 1000 units c) 5000 units d) 18000 units.
EXERCISE -2
*** The following bar chart shows the trends of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India from all over the world.
Trends of FDI in India
1) What was India's total FDI for the period shown in the figure ?
a) 93.8 b) 93.22 c) 93.19 d) none
2) What was the absolute difference in the FDI to India in between 1996 and 1997
a) 7.29 b) 7.13 c) 8.13 d) none
3) What was the ratio of the investment in 1997 over the investment in 1992 ?
a) 5.50 b) 5.36 c) 5.64 d) 5.75
4) Which year exhibited the highest growth in FDI in India over the period shown?
a) 1993 b) 1994 c) 1995 d) 1996
5) If India's FDI from OPEC countries was proportionately the same in 1992 and 1997 as the total FDI from all over the world and if the FDI in 1992 from the OPEC countries was Euro 2 million, what was the amount of FDI from the OPEC countries in 1997 ?
a) 11 b) 10.72 c) 11.28 d) 11.5
EXERCISE - 3
** The following bar chart represents the GDP of different countries during the half decades 2001-2005 and 2006-2010. All figures are in ₹ billion.
Study the chart carefully and answer the question given.
GDP of Select Countries
1) Which of the countries listed below accounts for the highest GDP during the half decade 2001 to 2005 ?
a) Russia b) China c) India d) UAE
2) which of the countries listed below accounts for the maximum GDP during the half decade 2006 to 2010?
a) UAE b) US c) India d) China
3) Out of every ₹10000 spent during the decade 2001-10, approximately how much was the GDP of Russia during the half decade 2001-05 ?
a) ₹700 b) ₹1400 c) ₹2800 d) none
4) The GDP of UAE is what fraction of the GDP of the UK for the decade (approximately)?
a) 14th b) 1/5th c) 1/6th d) data inadequate
EXERCISE - 4
** the following chart represents the number of students of the AMS Careers at its Lucknow centre who passed the CAT exam or the XAT exam or the CET exam or none of these exams. (assume that there are no students who passed more than one exam.)
Number of Students Who Qualified CAT/XAT/CET Exams
1) What was the percentage of students who cleared CAT in 2010 ?
a) 19.56% b) 12.65% c) 14.28% d) 11.7 6%
2) What was the percentage of students who succeeded in at least one of the three exams in 2000?
a) 82.4% b) 82.8% c) 82.35% d) 83.3%
3) Which year showed the best result in MBA entrance exams for the institute (in terms of percentage of students who cleared)?
a) 2000 b) 2001 c) 2002 d) cannot be determined
4) What is the percentage increase in the number of students in 2002 over 2000?
a) 30% b) 17.64% c) 117.6% d) 85%
EXERCISE - 5
*** Study the following bar chart carefully and answer the questions given.
Sales Turnover of 5 Companies (in ₹ crore)
1) What is the approximate difference between the average sales turnover of all the companies put together between the year 2001-02 and 2002-03?
a) 133.45 b) 142.48 c) 11 7.6 d) none
2) What should have been the sales turnover of GM in 2000-03 to have shown an excess of the same Quantum over 2001-02 as shown by the sales turnover of Maruti ?
a) 953.76 b) 963.76 c) 952.76 d) 962.76
3) Which of the companies shows the maximum percentage difference in sales turnover between the two years ?
a) Honda b) GM c) Hyundai d) Maruti
4) What is the percentage change in the overall sales turnover of the five companies together between 2001-02 to 2000-03.
a) 17.21% b) 14.68% c) 12.67% d) 21.24%
5) What is the absolute change in the overall sales turnover of the five companies together between 2001-02 to 2000-03
a) 712.43 b) 142.48 c) 683.53 d) none
EXERCISE - 6
*** The following chart shows the production of cars in thousands.
Production of Cars for 2002-2005 period from Select manufacturers
1) The ratio of the Hindustan Motors' production in 2003-04 to Honda's production in 2002-03 is:
a) 0.66 b) 1.5 c) 2 d) none
2) For how many companies has there been no decrease in production in any year from the previous year ?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
3) How many companies are shown production below their average production 2002-03, but have showed above average production in 2003-04?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
EXERCISE - 7
Cumulative Trade Deficit/Surplus of Countries for the Year 2006-07
(All figures in ₹ crore)
*** The total of the first three deficit countries (in ₹ crore= 3594.3. The total of the next five deficit countries (in ₹ crore)= 2588.5. The total of the last five deficit countries (in ₹ core)= 334.2. The total of the four surplus countries(in ₹ crore)= 1860.4.
1) The state whose surplus is nearly equal to the average of the four surplus countries is :
a) Sri Lanka b) UAE c) USA d) UK
2) The ratio of the deficit of the first five deficit countries to the overall deficit of all the deficit countries is nearly equal to:
a) 0.72 b) 0.75 c) 0.80 d) 0.85
3) The average of the total deficit of the middle five deficit countries is closest to the deficit of which country ?
a) Korea b) South Africa c) UAE d) none
4) The net total deficit/surplus is equal to:
a) 4656.6 surplus b) 4656.6 deficit c) 3836.5 deficit d) none
5) The ratio between the difference between the highest and the lowest of the surplus countries to the difference between Bangladesh and Oman is :
a) 3.44 b) 2.96 c) 4.5 d) 3.83
EXERCISE -8
** Study the following bar charts before answer the questions.
Foreign Trade by Countries for the Year 1993-1994
1) How many countries exhibited a trade surplus?
a) 5 b) 4 c) 3 d) 6
2) The highest trade deficit was shown by which country
a) C b) G c) H d) L
3) The ratio of the Exports to Imports was highest for which country ?
a) A b) I c) J d) K
4) The total trade deficit/surplus for all the countries put together was ?
a) 11286 surplus b) 11286 deficit c) 10286 deficit d) none
5) The ratio of the maximum exports to the minimum imports was closest to:
a) 64 b) 69 c) 74 d) 79
EXERCISE - 9
*** The following bar chart shows the composition of the GDP of two countries (India and Pakistan).
Composition of GDP of Two Countries
1) What fraction of India's GDP is accounted for by Services ?
a) 6/33 b) 1/5th c) 2/3rd d) none
2) If the total GDP of Pakistan is ₹10000 crore, then the GDP accounted for by manufacturing is:
a) ₹ 200 crore b) ₹600 crore c) ₹ 2000 crore d) ₹ 6000 crore
3) If the total GDP of India is ₹30000 crores, then the GDP accounted for by Agriculture, Services and Miscellaneous is:
a) ₹18500 crore b) ₹ 18000 crore c) ₹21000 crore d) ₹ 15000 crore
4) Which country accounts for higher earning out of the Services and Miscellaneous together ?
a) India b) Pakistan c) both spend equal amounts d) cannot be determined
5) If the total GDP is the same for both the countries, then what percentage is Pakistan's income through agriculture over India's income through services?
a) 100% b) 200% c) 133.33% d) none
EXERCISE -10
*** Study the figure and solve the questions given below that :
Sales and Gross Profit for the Period 1998-2001 (In ₹ Crore)
Assume that all numbers end in either 5 or 0 .
1) The year in which the gross profit is half of the sales is:
a) 1999 b) 1998 c)!2001 d) 2000
2) The ratio of gros profit to sales for the entire period is:
a) 17:18 b) 5:11 c) 6:11 d) 4:9
3) What is the average gross profit as a percentage of sales for the entire period?
a) 45.6% b) 45.45% c) 40% d) none
4) Average annual growth of sales is:
a) more than ₹6 crore
b) less than ₹5 crore
c) exactly ₹6 crore
d) exactly ₹5 crore
5) The year in which the increase in gross profit is greater than that in sales is:
a) 1998 b) 2000 c) 1999 d) 2001
EXERCISE -11
** Based on the figures in the bar chart answer the following questions.
Nokia's Cell Phone Production and Sales
(Assume all numbers in the bar graph above the end in ten thousands)
1) The sales of a cell phones for 1999 is:
a) 160000 b) 1600000 c)16000 d) none
2) What is the percentage increase in cells between 1995 and 2002 ?
a) more than 40% b) less than 20% c) 25% d) none
3) What percentage of the total production has been sold during the year 1999?
a) less than 70% b) more than 75% c) 75% d) 80%
4) The year in which there was the maximum percentage in production was:
a) 1999 b) 2000 c) 2001 d) 2002
5) In which of the following years has the sales of Cell phones shown a negative trend ?
a) 1999 b) 2000 c) 2001 d) 1998
EXERCISE - 12
*** Study the following figure and answer the questions given below that.
Performance of a company in terms of sales and profits. Overall profit was ₹500 Crore on a turnover of ₹7500 crore (2001 figure).
Financial Results of a Company
1) If profit had grown at 20% compounded since 1999 what would its projected profit have been in 1999 ?
(Assume that relative contribution of the various products categories have remained unchanged between 1999 and 2001)
a) 336 crore b) 374 crore c) 416 crore d) 347 crore
2) What would have been the company's overall profit to sales ratio in 2006 if profits had doubled and sales trebled, over the 2001 figure.
a) 1:7.5 b) 1: 22.5 c) 1 :12.5 d) cannot be determined
3) The products category with the highest profitability (i.e., profitx sales x 100) is:
a) IT b) detergent c) coffee d) soap
4) What is the ratio of the sales of the company's soap to its detergent division ?
a) 11 :8 b) 2: 1 c) 1:2 d) 8:11
5) What is the total cost(i.e. sales -- profits) of the tea division? (in ₹ crore)
a) 975 b) 625 c) 1500 d) 1800
EXERCISE -13
*** Study the information given and answer the following questions.
Number of Factories (thousand)
Average Employment per factory
1) Between 1995 in 2000, in which year has average employment per factory shown an increment compared to previous year, but decreased in the next year ?
a) 1996 b) 1997 c) 1998 d) 1999
2) If in 1996, 20, 100 factories had 659 employments on an average, the remaining factories had an average employment of :
a) 559 b) 509 c) 584 d) 534
3) The total employment in 1999 is how many times to that in 1996 ?
a) 1.45 b) 1.48 c) 1.6 d) 142
4) In which of the following five year period, number of Factories has shown maximum increase ?
a) 1980- 1985 b) 1985-1990 c) 1990-1995 d) 1985-2000
5) Among the given period, in how many years has the trend of the average employment per factory not changed with respect to the previous year's change ?
a) two b) three c) four d) cannot be determined.
EXERCISE -14
*** Study the graph and answer the questions following that.
Production of Five Different Fertilizer Companies (in lakh tonnes)
1) The production of which company has changed the most between 1999 to 2001
a) P b) Q c) R d) T
2) What is the ratio between average production by company R in 3 years to the average production by company S in 3 years ?
a) 6: 7 b) 8: 7 c) 7: 8 d) 7: 6
3) The average production for 3 years was the maximum for which of the following companies ?
a) Q only b) S only c) T only d) S and T both.
4) The companies that did not change their trend a production over the given time period are
a) P and Q b) Q and R c) R and S d) S and T
5) For which of the following companies, the percentage rise or fall in production of fertilizers from 1999 to 2000 was maximum ?
a) P b) A c) R d) S
6) The total production of the 5 companies in 2001 is what percent of the total production by companies Q and S in 1999?
a) 190% b) 150% c) 180% d) 200%
7) What is the percentage drop in production of company from 1999-2001
a) 30 b) 43 c) 50 d) 35
EXERCISE -15
***From the data available in the figure and answer the questions which follow.
Production of Rice in Three States: Punjab, U. P and Haryana over the Years (in lakh tonnes)
1) In which of the following state/states did the production of rice increase every year ?
a) Punjab b) UP c) Haryana d) Punjab and Haryana
2) What is the percentage rise in rice in production in Gujarat in 1998 over the previous year ?
a) 25% b) 20% c) 33.33% d) none
3) What is the difference between the average production of rice in the states of Haryana and Gujarat over the period?
a) 30000 tonnes b) 1000000 tonnes c) 45000 tonnes d) 450000 tonnes
4) The production of rice in Gujarat in 1998 is what percentage less than the production of rice in UP in 1997 ?
a) 16.66% b) 20% c) 40% d) 0%
5) For which of the following years is the production closest to the average yearly production for the entire period ?
a)1995 b) 1996 c) 1997 d) 1998
EXERCISE 16
** The following additional information is available :
Total worldwide working population: 2.5 billion (2500 million).
Working population in low income economies: 1400 million.
Working population is middle income economies: 660 million.
Working population is high income economies: 440 million.
Total unemployed population: 120 million.
The following definitions hold true:
Poor or low economies: Annual per capita income less than $695.
Rich or high income economies: Annual per capita income more than $8626.
1) Approximately what percentage of the poor economic total workforce is in agriculture?
a) 43% b) 52% c) 61% d) 78%
2) Approximately what percentage of the middle income economics total workforce is in services ?
a) 23% b) 38% c) 49% d) 62%
3) The ratio of rich economies workforce working in industry to poor economies workforce working in services sector is closest to:
a) 1:7 b) 1:6 c) 1:5 d) 1:4
4) Which of the following statements is/ are not true ?
A) Of the total workforce in services, over 50% do not come from the poor economies.
B) Poor economies accounts for nearly 1/3 of the total and unemployed workers in the world.
C) High income Economies account for over 25% of the total industrial workforce .
D) Middle income Economies account for nearly one third of the total services sector employees in the world.
a) All of the above b) C only c) C and D d) none
5) Which of the following statements is true ?
a) Unemployed workforce accounts for approximately 7% of the world's total working population.
b) For both high and middle income economies, the services sector is the highest provider of employment.
c) Low incoming economies contribute a higher proportion of the total workforce engaged in the services sector than either the high or the middle income economies, yet the services sector is not biggest provider of jobs in the low income economies.
d) both b and c
6) Approximately what percentage of the total working population in the world earns less than $695 per annum ?
a) 42% b) 56% c) 70% d) cannot be determined
EXERCISE -17
** The following figure gives the information about the different varieties of food grains: (rice +pulses +wheat+ coarse cereals= foodgrains). Refer to them for answer the questions .
Information Pertaining to Select Foodgrains Items
1) Which foodgrain can be said to have displayed an identical trend in its production as the total foodgrain production over entire period ?
a) Rice b) coarse cereals c) pulses d) wheat
2) For which year was the percentage contribution of weight to the total food grains production the highest ?
a) 1997-98 b) 1998-99 c) 1999-2000 d) 2000-01
3) Which of the following statement is/ are true ?
A) Except 1997-98, rice and white production have followed identical Trends.
B) pulses production can be expected to increase in 2001-02.
C) The highest percentage increase in coarse cereals production between two successive years over the period was higher than the same figure for pulses.
D) Production of the coarse cereals has remained the least volatile over the period except for 96-97.
a) A and C b) All except B c) C and D d) all 4.
4) From above question, the statement which is/are definitely false is/are
a) B and D b) B only c) A and B d) none
5) 1996-97 was the best year in terms of percentage growth of production for which of these.
a) Rice and pulses b) wheat c) Coarse cereals, rice and pulses d) all food grains.
EXERCISE -18
** Refer to the following bar charts and answer the questions that follows.
Production of Oil Seeds
1) The highest absolute change in the production of the oilseeds is for:(with respect to previous year)
a) Oilseeds 1998-99 b) oilseeds 1996-97 c) oilseeds 1999-2000 d) none
2) The highest percentage change for any category between any two years is shown by:
a) Repseed 1998-99
b) Sunflower 1997- 98
c) groundnut 1999-00 d) none
3) The ratio of the numbers of the years in which sesamum has exhibited a higher than average production to the number of years in which it has shown a lower than average production for the period shown is:
a) 1:1 b) 4:2 c) 5:1 d) 2:4
4) For how many years does the rapseed account for over 25% the total production of oil seeds ?
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) none
5) The number of years in which the production of oilseeds exceeds its average production over the periods shown, to the number of years for which groundnuts exceeds its average production is:
a) 2:1 b) 1: 1 c) 1: 2 d) none
EXERCISE -19
*** The following chart shows the performance of the students of St. Xaviers High School Patna in the 10th standard board examinations. Refer to it and answer the following questions.
St. XAVIER'S HIGH SCHOOL, PATNA
Performance of Students of St-Xaviers High School
** It is assumed that St. Xavier's High School, Patna, has 799 students in total and the number remained constant over the period.
Points scored= No. of students passed -- No. of students failed.
Assume that a student is allowed to attempt the board examination under the school's name only once. If he fails he is no longer allowed to take the exam under the school's banner.
1) SXAA stands for St. Xavier's Alumini Association. Find the students(in %) who could not become a member of SXAA in the years 1992 to 2001.
a) 11% b) 9% c) 7% d) 21%
2) If pass percentage is the best indication of the school's performance, in which year did the school have its best performance ?
a) 1999 b) 2000 c) 2001 d) cannot say
3) In how many years has the number of points for the school been higher than the average points scored per year over the time period shown?
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6
4) Suppose that in the year 1996, the students who failed were allowed to take their exams again the next year (against the normal trend of the school) and 50% of the students who repeated the exam in 1997 failed again, then what would have been the percentage of students passing in 1997 if no repeated had been allowed ?
a) 90% b) 80% c) 85% d) data insufficient
5) In 1994, the principal of the school decided not to throw out the failed students but to give them one more chance. It was then decided that the performance of those students would not be counted for the score of the school. If all those students passed next year, then what would have been the score of the school if their results had been included in the final tally ?
a) 22 b) 16 c) 12 d) none
6) Which of the following can be inferred from the following data ?
a) The minimum number of candidates to have appeared from the school in the exams in a single year was 52.
b) 1998 showed the highest percentage jump in the number of students who appeared for the exams.
c) both a and b d) none
EXERCISE -20
** Refer to the following charts and answer the questions that follow. The charge gives us information about income levels on education for five countries.
Education -Based Income Levels for Select Countries
1) In which of these countries can it be said that the rewards for education are the highest (amongst those shown):
a) United State b) Thailand c) Cote d'Ivoire d) both b and c
2) A post-secondary mala workers is likely to have the highest income in which country ?
a) Thailand b) Cotr d'Ivoire c) United States d) data inadequate
3) The highest percent increase for a post-secondary educated worker over a primary educated worker is for:
a) Males in Slovenia
b) Females in Indonesia
c) Females in Thailand
d) data inadequate
4) On an (irespective of sex) the highest percentage benefit of primary education would be available for which country ?
a) Thailand b) Slovenia c) The country could vary as per the sex of the worker.
d) data insufficient.
5) For the countries shown, the average wage ratio for the male workers with post- secondary education with respect to make workers with no education is approximately equal to:
a) 3.4 b) 3.85 c) 4.1 d) data insufficient
EXERCISE -21
*** The bar chart which shows the envisaged change in FDI by sector. Besides it is also known that the current FDI limit for plantations is 0% and is proposed to be hiked to 49%, that for individual houses building is propose to be hiked from 0% to 100% and that for advertising from the current 74% to 100%.
Charge in FDI (envisaged) by Sector
1) In how many sectors is it proposed that all full ownership by foreign investors will be allowed?
a) 10 b) 11 c) 12 d) cannot be determined
2) The number of sectors that currently allow a majority (>50%) stake for foreign investors is:
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) none
3) The sector whose existing FDI cap as a percentage of its proposed FDI cap is least is:
a) plantation b) real estate complex c) individual houses building d) all of these
4) For the above question, the highest percentage is exhibited by:
a) Civil Aviation b) basic and mobile services c) advertising d) insurance
5) The number of sectors where the existing FDI cap is over 50% of the proposed FDI cap is:
a) 5 b) 8 c) 9 d) none
6) The ratio of the number of sectors where it is proposed to allow full ownership to foreign investors to the number of sectors where it is not proposed to be allowed is
a) 2:1 b) 1:2 c) 3:2 d) none
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